The 101st Airborne Division, called "Screaming Eagles", is an American infantry division driven and dedicated to conduct air assault operations. During the Second World War, it acquired a fame and a reputation for his actions at Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge. In Vietnam, his designation is changed in "Division [Airmobile]" and finally "Airborne Division [Air Assault]", but for historians and fans, she remains forever the "101st Airborne Division."
Today, its headquarters is based in Fort Campbell, Kentucky, and the "Screaming Eagles" serving in Iraq and Afghanistan. It is the only American division to have two brigades of combat aviation, and is one of the most prestigious units and decorated in the history of the United States. Its current commander is Major General John F. Campbell, collects a total of about 20,000 men and is part of XVIII Airborne Corps, the "Rapid Reaction Corps" from the U.S. Army, which is subordinate to FORSCOM.
Sheet of the 101st Airborne Division.
activation • Dates: August 19, 1942 to November 30, 1945. 1948-1950. 1954-Present.
• Country: United States of America.
• Branch: United States Army.
• Type: Airborne Division [Air Assault].
• Employees: approximately 20,000 men.
• Subordinate to: XVIII Airborne Corps, FORSCOM.
• Garrison / HQ: Fort Campbell, Kentucky.
• Nickname: Screaming Eagles .
• Motto: "Rendezvous With Destiny."
• Badge distinctive round:
• Commitments:
- World War II (Normandy, Holland, Ardennes, Germany).
- Vietnam War.
- Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm.
- Global war against terrorism.
- Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom.
• Decorations and citations.
- Presidential Citation from the U.S. Army for Normandy.
- Presidential Citation from the U.S. Army for Bastogne.
- Presidential Citation from the U.S. Army for Dak To, Vietnam 1966 (1st Brigade).
- Presidential Citation from the U.S. Army for Dong Ap Bia Mountain "Hamburger Hill" (3rd Brigade).
- Citation of Merit for Thua Thien (3rd Brigade and DIVARTY).
- Citation of Merit for Tuy Hoa (1st Brigade).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Army in Vietnam 1965-1966 (1st Brigade).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Army in Vietnam 1968 (3rd Brigade).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Army for the South-West (Except the 159th Division Aviation Brigade).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Army in Iraq 2005-2006 (4th Brigade).
- French Croix de Guerre with Palms for Normandy.
- Belgian Croix de Guerre with Palms for the Battle of the Bulge.
- Mention in the Agenda of the Belgian Army for his actions at Bastogne.
- Belgian Forage for his actions in 1944.
- Mention in the Agenda of the Belgian Army for his actions in France and Belgium.
- Gallanterie Cross of the Republic of South Vietnam 1966-1967 (1st Brigade).
- Gallanterie Cross of the Republic of South Vietnam 1968 (2nd Brigade).
- Gallanterie Cross of the Republic of South Vietnam 1968-1969 (except the 159th Division Aviation Brigade).
- Gallanterie Cross of the Republic of South Vietnam 1971 (except the 159th Division Aviation Brigade).
- Medal of Honor Civil Action of the Republic of South Vietnam, First Class for 1968-1970 (except the 159th Division Aviation Brigade).
- Medal of Honor Civil Action of the Republic of South Vietnam, First Class for 1970 (DIVARTY).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Navy / USMC to Iraq 2005-2006 (4th Brigade).
• Current Commander: Major-General John F. Campbell.
• Former notable commanders: William C. Lee, Maxwell D. Taylor, Anthony C. McAuliffe, William C. Westmorland, Richard A. Cody and David H. Petraeus.
• Combat Brigades:
- 1st Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Bastogne.
- 2nd Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Strike .
- 3rd Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Rakkasan .
- 4th Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Currahee .
- one hundred and first Brigade Combat Aviation [Helicopters] Wings of Destiny .
- 159th Combat Aviation Brigade [Helicopters] Eagle Thunder .
History (1942-2011).
1 ° World War (1942-1945).
The 101st Airborne Division was activated August 16, 1942 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, with units of frames from the 82nd Division. On 19 August, its first commander, Major-General William C. "Bill" Lee, who is considered the father of American airborne troops, distributed a written discourses in which he announced to new recruits as "the 101st Airborne Division has no history, but his appointment with destiny!". This slogan became almost aussiôt its currency.
"The 101st Airborne Division, which was activated 16 August 1942 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, has no history, but it has a rendezvous with destiny.
" Due to the nature our weapons, and tactics that we develop ourselves, we are called upon to perform military missions of great importance and we will share, without fail, when the need arises.
"Let me bring to your attention the fact that our badge is the Great American Eagle. It is a noble emblem and entirely appropriate for a division that will crush his enemies soon as the lightning strikes the sky.
"The story we accomplish, the story of our feats of arms, which we hope they will enter the annals of the army and the American people, depends entirely on the men of this division. Each individual, each officer and man of rank must be regarded himself as a centerpiece of this complex and powerful instrument to destroy all enemies of the nation. Each of you in this noble task, should undertake it is not only a means, but a vitally important means to achieve victory. It is not presumptuous to say that we intend to take part in future history, that it is in the hands of men of the 101st Airborne Division. "
1.1. Normandy.
Scouts ( Pathfinders ) of the 101st Airborne Division in charge of marking the drop zones (DZ) and landing of gliders (LZ) jump into the Cotentin Peninsula shortly after midnight, alongside those of the 82nd division. They take off from the airfield at RAF North Witham, where they have trained with the All American , 21:30, 5 June at dusk (1). These are the first Allied soldiers to set foot in Normandy, between 0:20 ET 0:32, the night of June 6, 1944. The parachute regiment of the 101st Airborne Division (Albany Mission ) must be done in three waves.
Photo below: June 5, 1944, 20:30. General Dwight Eisenhower, Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force, talks about Greenham Common Airfield in southern England, with Lt. Wallace C. Strobel and paratroopers from Company E, 502nd Regiment Shortly before their departure for Normandy. The number "23" written in chalk on the board means the unit responsible for transporting them (438h Troop Carrier Group).
Objectives of the 101st Airborne Division:
- Capture and hold dual carriageway starting from Utah Beach .
- destroy the coastal battery of Saint Martin-de-Varreville.
- Capturing a command post Mésières artillery.
- Capture the lock of the tray (Carentan), on the fluke.
- Destroy a large highway bridge fluke at St. Come-du-Mont.
- Capture a bridge over the moat by Porte (Brévands).
- Defending the southern flank of the beachhead of Utah Beach.
The Screaming Eagles must also cut the maximum of German communications, establish roadblocks to prevent the arrival of enemy reinforcements, establish a defensive line between Utah Beach and Vologne, secure the DZ and LZ in the vicinity of the Forges, and finally joining up with the All American of the 82nd Airborne Division.
• Drop Zone A - First wave: 502nd Regiment (0:48 to 1:08).
The first wave of paratroopers of the 101st Division Airborne, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment, were dropped between 0:50 ET 1:08 am on the Drop Zone A (the north) by the C-47 of the 436th and 438th Troop Carrier Group 9th Air Force. But errors of navigation, cloud cover and the firing of the flak that U.S. paratroopers are jumping the wrong places, scattered in nature, mixing units to each other. Only part of the 2nd Battalion, Lieutenant Colonel Steve A. Chappuis managed to regroup and to fulfill its objective.
Many Americans are killed upon landing or drowned in marshes flooded the fluke, Merderet, or sometimes even off Utah Beach . 60% of heavy equipment is lost. This dispersion of U.S. paratroopers also causes confusion among the Germans. They technically had not determine their nature, their strength or their goals. Despite this disruption
prevailing everywhere, the 1st and 3rd Battalions, commanded respectively by Lieutenant-Colonel Patrick J. Cassidy and Robert G. Cole, manage to fill almost all of their goals. Cassidy captures St. Martin-de-Varreville at 6:30, and sends a patrol to seize the headquarters of German Mésières, while draw a line between defense and Foucarville Beuzeville. Cole movement near Saint-Mere-Eglise to the battery Varreville German, and at 7:30, takes the output of E-3 beach of Utah Beach. The paratroopers of the 502nd Regiment of Colonel George Van Horn Moseley, Jr then help the 4th Infantry Division to strengthen its bridgehead.
• Drop Zone C - Second Wave: 1/506ème, and 2/506ème 3/501ème (0:14 to 1:20).
The 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, commanded by Colonel Robert F. Sink, is the second wave of the 101st Division. DZ-C, located 1.6km west of St. Marie-Du-Mont, is concealed by a thick cloud cover, and the C-47 of the 435th and 439th TCG who are carrying victims of a violent barrage of flak. Three of them were slaughtered before the airdrops. Despite this opposition and the dispersal of American paratroopers, the 1st Battalion manages to combine the two thirds of its workforce.
The 2nd Battalion of Lieutenant Colonel Robert L. Strayer jumps too far west of the drop zone, near Sainte-Mere-Eglise. Most of his men were able to regroup, however, nearly Foucarville. They head to Utah Beach to capture the outputs of beaches, and fighting near Houdienville, until late in the afternoon, before joining up with the 4th Infantry Division.
The 3rd Battalion of Lieutenant-Colonel Julian J. Ewell is less fortunate and suffered heavy losses, but nevertheless, fills most of its objectives.
Having grouped around him a motley force of Screaming Eagles and All American, the size of a company, the commander of the 101st Division, Major General Maxwell D. Taylor reached Pouppeville to 6am. Hurbain after a battle lasting six hours, with elements of the German 1058th Grenadier Regiment, he seized the town, sécurise les sorties de plage d'Utah Beach et attend l'arrivée de la 4ème Division d'infanterie.
Photo ci-dessous: C-47 Skytrain du 439th TCG, avec les "bandes d'invasion" noirs et blanches caractéristiques de l'opération Overlord .
• Zone de largage D - Troisième vague: 1/501, 2/501 et 3/506ème (1h26 - 1h40).
Les C-47 des 440th et 441st TCG de la troisième vague sont victimes de la FlaK et perdent six des leurs. De plus, une partie des DZ sont couvertes par des tirs de mitrailleuses lourdes et de mortiers allemands, ce qui causent de lourdes pertes dans les rangs américains. Deux the three commanders of battalions engaged were killed.
surviving battalion commander, Lt. Col. Robert A. Ballard, nevertheless managed to gather 250 men and move towards Saint Côme-du-Mont and destroyed a large road bridge over the moat. But at 800m before reaching its goal the Droueries, he is stopped by elements of the 3rd Battalion of the 1058th Grenadier Regiment. Another group of 50 paratroopers, commanded by Major Richard J. Allen, attack the same target from the east to Lower Addeville, but he is also postponed.
The commander of five hundred and first Parachute Infantry Regiment, Col. Howard R. Johnson, gather 150 men and reached its goal of capturing the Lock the tray on the fluke, around 4am. After establishing defensive positions, he returned to his reform DZ and a second group of 100 paratroopers, including Allen, to reinforce its positions.
Despite the support of artillery of heavy cruiser Quincy , Johnson is unable to continue and take St. Come-du-Mont or establish its junction with Ballard.
Photo below: paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division, pose with a Nazi flag captured in St. Marcouf, June 8, 1944.
• Other actions of the 506th Regiment on D-Day.
Two other notable actions are performed by units of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment during June 6, 1944. Each of them ending with the destruction or capture of German artillery batteries.
At around 8:30, near the Manor Brécourt, a patrol of about twenty paratroopers of Company E, 2nd Battalion, commanded by 1st Lieutenant Richard D. "Dick" Winters discovers and stormed Battery No. 6 of the 90th Regiment of the 91st Air Division (Luftwaffe), defended by a network trench, several MG42 machine gun post and a force three or four times greater in number. They destroyed four pieces of 105mm. This heroic action to be worth at Winters received the Distinguished Service Cross (Cross for Distinguished Service), the second highest decorated U.S. Army, after the Medal of Honor, and three of his men, the 2nd- Lieutenant Lynn "Buck" Compton, Sergeant William "Wild Bill" Guarnere Gerald Lorraine and the soldier, receiving the Silver Star (Silver Star).
Soon after, when he inspected the area, Colonel Robert F. Sink discovered a second battery of German 105mm to Holdy between his PC and Sainte Marie-du-Mont, defended by 70 men of the 6th Parachute Regiment under the command of Lieutenant Friedrich von der Heydte. An assault force is composed by masters Lloyd E. Patch (HQ Company of the 506th) and Knut H. Rudstein (C Company, 1st Battalion) to capture the enemy position. But before Sink could put his plan into action, three of the four German 105mm howitzers were destroyed by a platoon of the 502nd Regiment.
At the end of the day, Maj. Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor and his two assistants divisional (ADC), Brigadier General Anthony C. McAuliffe, managed to recover about 2500 Screaming Eagles dispersed in nature, on the 6600 who skipped the previous night. Two further deployment of Waco and Horsa gliders of the 327th Infantry Regiment gliding are provided in the evening, and reinforce the American paratroopers. During this deployment ( Chicago Mission), Brigadier General Don F. Pratt, the second assistant ADC Taylor, was killed in the crash of his glider. This is the best officer in the highest rank to die during D-Day.
1.2. Market Garden.
On September 17, 1944, begins operation Market Garden (2). The 101st Airborne Division is now part of the new XVIII Corps of the 1st Allied Airborne Army, made recently. The Screaming Eagles participate for one week (17-25 September) in the largest deployment of paratroopers (35,000 men) of the Second World War, however, sees the final defeat of Marshal Bernard Montgomery, the designer of the plan to seize the Arnhem bridge, the key to the whole operation, despite the achievement of intermediate objectives.
Montgomery's plan requires capturing a series of bridges and crossings over the Meuse (Maas), the two arms of the Rhine (the Waal) and several smaller channels (Wilhelmina and William), along the route that the 30th British Corps will have to borrow. The objective of the plan is possible to bypass the Siegfried Line by the North and allow the Allies to enter Germany by the great Ruhr industrial basin, which would at the same time a mortal blow to the economy of war Third Reich, and would accelerate the end of the conflict in Europe. Three airborne divisions
are designated to participate. The 82nd and 101st Divisions U.S. and the 1st Division British Red Devils and an independent Polish brigade. The objectives of the 101st Division is taking the bridges in the region Eindohven-Son-Veghel, on the Meuse and the Wilhelmina Canal.
Taking bridges at Eindhoven and Veghel performed without particular difficulties, but the destruction of the bridge His Wilhelmina Canal, south of Eindhoven, will delay the lead unit of the 30th Corps, the Regiment Armoured Irish Guards, for nearly two days. The contact between the Screaming Eagles and Irish Guards was established on September 18 to about 16 hours, and at dusk, the British tanks are their entry in Eindhoven, where the Dutch population although their warm hospitality provided.
Photo below: paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division in Eindhoven, along with local resistance, awaiting the arrival of the 30th British Corps with impatience at the Cathedral.
The Screaming Eagles are then responsible for securing the route of the 30th Corps and allow their connection with the 82nd Airborne Division at Grave and Nijmegen, along Road No. 69 which was soon nicknamed Hell's Highway ("The Road to Hell"). U.S. paratroopers in Holland will be present for several weeks until the end of October, before being relieved by the 1st Canadian Army and being sent to rest, replenished and reorganized in the region of Reims-Mourmelon France.
1.3. Battle of the Bulge: "Nuts!".
The Battle of the Bulge (3) is one of the last offensive of the Wehrmacht at the end of the Second World War. It takes place in the massive forester of the Ardennes of Belgium and Luxemburg. The German general plan, devised by Adolf Hitler against the negative opinion of a majority of his generals, and cross the Meuse (intermediate target) and take the port of Antwerp (final goal), on the Scheldt, which would result in isolation the twenty-first Army Group (Anglo-Canadian), Holland, the rest of the allied forces (American and French) to the south. In Hitler's mind, it would necessarily "divorce" between Americans and British, who would then seek a solution "diplomatic" to the conflict. Which enabled him to devote himself entirely to operations on the Eastern Front.
Despite several warning signs Alarmingly, the German offensive, launched at dawn on December 16, 1944, is a complete surprise to the high command of U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower.
sector of the Ardennes is precisely the Achilles heel of the Allies. Ironically, Americans have sent "at rest" the divisions affected by the fighting of Aix-la-Chapelle, where those newly arrived on the continent and without combat experience. Arranged on a broad front of a hundred miles between Monschau and Echternach, five divisions of U.S. V Corps and VIII: from north to south, 99th, 106th, 28th and 4th Divisions Infantry, with three Combat Command of the 9th Armored Division in coverage in the regions of St. Vith, the Skyline Drive (Route Crest ") and Black Ertz. They gather a total of 68 000 men. They will experience the tremendous shock of three German armies, including two armored, totaling 240,000 men, 1800 tanks and 2000 artillery pieces.
At the end of the second day of the German offensive, two regiments (422nd and 423rd) of the 106th Infantry Division were surrounded on the plateau of the Schnee Eifel. The 28th Infantry Division was about to succumb. His 110th Regiment, which covers the Bastogne, where is installed the VIII Corps HQ U.S. Major General Troy Middleton, is overwhelmed by the tanks of the 5th Panzer Army, and loses all of its workforce: 2780 men.
But earlier stages, on the evening of December 16, Eisenhower ordered his strategic reserves SHAEF, the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions, arranged in the region of Reims-Mourmelon, to move to the front of the Ardennes. Combat Command B (CCB) of the 10th Armoured Division, located in Saarland, and the 705th Battalion Tank-Destroyers are also called in reinforcements.
While the 82nd Airborne Division continued on to the Salm, north of the German salient, the Screaming Eagles are diverted to Bastogne. The vanguard of five hundred and first Regiment entered the city on the night of December 18 to 19, shortly after midnight, when the city is on the verge of falling into German hands. The rest of the 101st arriving at dawn on December 19 at 9am. The sacrifice of the 28th Infantry Division and CCB of the 9th Armored Division will not be useless.
December 21, 1944, is completely surrounded Bastogne. Climatic conditions are very harsh, stocks and supplies, Medical were captured by the Germans 19. CCB of the 10th Armored Division (TF-Rose Harper-TF and TF-Desobry) is almost entirely destroyed Antoniushaff, and Feitsh Noville. What remains of the two CWB the 9th and 10th Armoured Divisions (40 Sherman tanks !) Is then regrouped on the back of the front and form a "mobile reserve" fire support to the 101st Airborne Division. The Screaming Eagles also have three battalions of artillery, which included the 969th, composed exclusively of African-Americans. These three battalions, each comprising 12 pieces of 155mm, are combined into a single Divisional Artillery Command.
The two divisions of the 47th Panzer leave the assault to the west and the Meuse, leaving only a Panzergrenadier Regiment of the Panzer Lehr to support the 26th Division Volkgrenadiers to invest the city.
December 22, 1944, the consumption of American artillery shells is reduced to 10 per room per day. That same day, around noon, four German parliamentarians present with a white flag before the lines of Company F of the 327th Infantry Regiment gliding, south of Bastogne on the road from Arlon. They carry a written offer to surrender, written by Commander of the 47th Panzer Corps, Lieutenant General Heinrich Freiherr von Lüttwitz:
" the American commander of the garrison at Bastogne", demanding unconditional surrender. "In case of refusal, the German artillery was ready to remove U.S. troops in and around Bastogne .
" considerable civilian casualties that would result, concluded that the text did not reflect the sentiments of many American Humanity known. "
The four Germans, one major, a lieutenant serving as an interpreter and two soldiers accompanying ducts are in Bastogne HQ Brigadier General Anthony C. McAuliffe, who in the absence of Maxwell Taylor to leave the United States at the outbreak of the German offensive, assumed command of Acting 101st Airborne Division.
becoming aware of the message German, First American can help but exclaim: " Nuts! " and reflective forms more "diplomatic" in his response, he asked advice subordinates present. His chief of Intelligence G-3, Lieutenant Colonel Harry W. Kinnard, replied:
" Sir, I think your first answer was the best! "
- " What was that? "
- " You said:" Nuts! ".
McAuliffe takes the paper and wrote on the back:" December 22, 1944 - On German Commander: Nuts! The American commander. .
Col. Joseph H. Harper, commander of the 327th Infantry Regiment gliding, present at the interview, reiterated the two Germans in the lines of the company F. Before adjourning, the German General Staff asked the interpreter, Lieutenant Hellmuth Henke: " WHAs IS NUTS? Affirmativ oder negativ? . Henke relays the question to his superior to Harper: " I speak English, but I do not know the meaning of the word" Nuts! "
The American then replied:" It damn negative! That means: Go to hell! If you continue this stupid attack, we will kill every damn German who tries to enter the city. "
Thus the answer" Nuts! "McAuliffe's a legend. It sends its" Christmas wishes "to his troops encircled.
On 23 December 1944, comes a thinning, and the U.S. Air Force in making the most to supply the besieged and harassed the columns of German vehicles. During the day, 334 tons of supplies are parachuted from C-47 of the 9th Air Force.
On 24 December 1944, the 26th Division and tanks of Volksgrenadier Kampgruppe Kunkel of the Panzer Lehr took the offensive defensive perimeter around the U.S.. This reduces, but finally the Germans were repulsed with heavy losses.
December 25, 1944, Christmas Day, the martyred city undergoes its most violent artillery bombardment. The Germans renewed their attacks, with no more success than before.
December 26, 1944 tanks of the 4th Armored Division of the U.S. 3rd Army finally establish their junction with the 101st Airborne Division. Bastogne was encircled more! During this siege, the Screaming Eagles have gained a new nickname: The Battered Bastards of Bastogne ("Bastards of Bastogne Beaten").
Below: Patton's 3rd Army sent to the aid of "bastards of Bastogne."
The siege is lifted, but the battles of the 101st Airborne Division are not finished yet.
On 2 January 1945, the 506th Regiment moved Jacques in the woods, and took position ahead the hamlets Recogne and Foy, defended by the 12th Panzer Division Hitler Jugend SS on the road-Bastogne-Houffalize Noville. In the days that follow, the Screaming Eagles Colonel Sink are constantly shelled by German artillery.
January 13, 1945, the 506th Regiment finally released the Bois Jacques and regains Foy, after fierce fighting with the 12th SS Panzer-Division. Recogne, Noville, where he discovered the carcasses of tanks Sherman Task Force Desobry destroyed on December 21 last, and finally Rachamps, are shown in the following days. These are the last battles fought by the 101st Airborne Division during the Battle of the Bulge.
Below: memorial of the 506th Regiment Company E, in Foy, to the Bois Jacques.
1.4. German campaign - fighting ended.
After the Battle of the Bulge, February 5, 1945, the 101st Airborne Division was sent to Alsace, Haguenau, to meet the 313th Regiment of the 79th Infantry Division. The Screaming Eagles confined in a defensive position and limited Patrol activities.
February 25, 1945, they return Mourmelon to be restored and replenished. The new recruits undergo rigorous training. End of March 1945, after the launch of Operation Varsity , which she does not share, the 101st Airborne Division moved near Dusseldorf. The Screaming Eagles then participate, alongside the 82nd Airborne Division, to reduce the huge pocket in the German Ruhr area.
18 April 1945, Army Group H Marshal Walther Model capitulates: Americans There are 325,000 prisoners of war. April 22, the 101st Airborne Division was transferred to Bavaria and headed towards the Alps. Its objectives are taken from Munich, Innsbruck, the Brenner Pass, the "Eagles Nest" of Adolf Hitler and Berchtesgaden.
April 29, 1945, the 506th Regiment releases the concentration camps of Buchloe near the town of Landsberg. On 3 May, he finally reached Berchtesgaden, having topped the pole, just a few hours, the 2nd French Armored Division Leclerc, and puts his hand on the fabulous treasures of war which the Nazi party officials (Goering, Bormann, Himmler, ...) had plundered through throughout Europe.
May 8, 1945, the 101st Airborne Division is transferred to trucks in the region of Zell am See, Austria, 80km south of Berchtesgaden. She remained there until 31 July. After she left Austria and embarked at Le Havre to regain the United States, is officially off November 30.
Losses incurred during the Second World War: 1766 killed in action, 6388 wounded and 324 died of their injuries.
1.5. Order of Battle (1944-1945).
- City-Divisional Officer.
- 327th Infantry Regiment gliding.
- four hundred and first hovered Infantry Regiment (1945, dissolved on March 1).
- five hundred and first Parachute Infantry Regiment (1 May 1944-9 May 1945)
- 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment.
- 506th Infantry Regiment paracgutiste (September 15, 1943 to March 1, 1945).
- Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion (HHB) Divisional Artillery.
- 321st Field Artillery Battalion gliding (75mm).
- 377th Field Artillery Battalion gliding ((75mm).
- 463rd Field Artillery Battalion gliding (75mm).
- 907th Field Artillery Battalion gliding (75mm).
- 81st Airborne AA Battalion artillery.
- 326th Airborne Engineer Battalion.
- 326th Airborne Medical Company.
- one hundred and first Parachute Maintenance Company.
- one hundred and first Company of transmissions.
- one hundred and first detachment of the Counter-Intelligence Corps.
- HQ, "Special Troops".
- eight hundred and first Airborne Company & Maintenance Ordinance.
- Company 426th Quartermaster (QM) Airborne.
- Company Headquarters, 101st Division.
- Military Police Platoon.
- Reconnaissance Platoon.
- Divisional Orchestra.
1.6. Commanders of the division (1942-1945):
- Major-General William C. Lee (August 1942 - February 1944).
- Brigadier General Don F. Pratt (February 6 to March 14, 1944).
- Major General Maxwell D. Taylor (March 1944 - August 1945).
- Brigadier-General Anthony C. McAuliffe (5-26 December 1945).
(1) Blogosphere Mara, "Operation Overlord - D-Day: The first day of fighting"
(2) Blogosphere Mara, "17-25 September 1944 - Operation Market Garden : a bridge too far "
(3) Blogosphere Mara," 16 décembre 1944 to 1925 January 1945 - Battle of the Bulge: the showdown "
2 fifties: the struggle for black civil rights.
The 101st Airborne Division was reactivated as an unit training at Camp Breckenridge, Kentucky, between 1948 and 1950. Then again in 1954 at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. In March 1956 she was transferred to Fort Campbell, Kentucky, to be transformed into combat division. The 101st was reorganized as a division pentomic, with five "battle groups" instead of the structure traditional regiments and battalions of the Second World War. This reorganization is effective at the end of April 1957.
- 2nd Airborne Battle Group, 187th Infantry Regiment.
- 1st Airborne Battle Group, 327th Infantry Regiment.
- 1st Airborne Battle Group, 501st Infantry Regiment.
- 1st Airborne Battle Group, 502nd Infantry Regiment.
- 1st Airborne Battle Group, 506th Infantry Regiment.
Divisional Artillery (DIVARTY), meanwhile, is divided into the following units:
- Battery D, 319th Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- E Battery, 319th Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- Battery, 321st Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- B Battery, 321st Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- C Battery, 321st Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- Battery A, 377th Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
2.1. Case of the "Little Rock Nine."
The "Little Rock Nine" (The Little Rock Nine ) are a group of students admitted to African-Americans the Central High School in Little Rock after the landmark ruling of the Supreme Court of the United States in the Case Brown vs. Board of Education 17 May 1954, which outlaws racial segregation inside of school. The governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus, opposed the federal decision to deploy a cordon of state National Guard to the institution to deny access to black students and support the segregationists, September 4, 1957. The spectacle of U.S. soldiers standing guard outside the entrance to the school soon attracted the attention of the whole countries and worldwide over the city.
The Attorney General and the Department of Justice then issue an injunction against the governor to compel him to comply with federal decision rendered. On 20 September, a judge of the Supreme Court, Ronald N. Davies, ordered Faubus to withdraw the National Guard in front of the school.
To enforce the injection, President Dwight D. Eisenhower goes even further. It uses elements of the Battle Group 327th Regiment to escort, protect and allow the black students from entering the school. The 101st Airborne Division when deployed in the streets of Little Rock to fight against possible protests and looting. The Screaming Eagles will remain until Thanksgiving (fourth Thursday of October) 1957, when they are identified by the Task Force 153rd Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Arkansas National Guard under the federal authority.
[Note Mare Jade]: the racial segregation was officially banned in the Southern States since the late fifties, but in fact it still persists today, as some form another, in some places ...
2.2. Division Commander (1950-1965).
- Major General Cornelius E. Ryan (August 1950 - May 1951).
- Major General Roy E. Porter (May 1950 - May 1953).
- Major-General Paul DeWitt Adams (May - December 1953).
- Major-General Riley F. Ennis (May 1954 - October 1955).
- G Major General FS Bowen (October 1955 - March 1956).
- Major General Thomas L. Sherburne, Jr. (May 1956 - March 1958).
- Major-General William C. Westmoreland (April 1958 - June 1960).
- Major-General Ben Harrell (June 1960 - June 1961).
- Major-General CWG Rich (July 1961 - February 1963).
- Major General Harry H. Critz (February 1963 - March 1964).
3 Vietnam War.
In 1963, the 101st Airborne Division, like other divisions of the U.S. Army adopted a "Table of Organization and Equipment (TOE) modified, reintroducing the concept of modular" brigades "that had been removed shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War.
In 1965, the 1st Brigade and support troops are deployed in South Vietnam, and the rest of the 101st Division in 1967 follows. The Screaming Eagles are deployed in the north, in the area of operation of the I Corps near the Laotian border, and their mission is to prevent the infiltration of North Vietnamese Army (NVA) by the Track Ho Chi Minh and the Valley of A Chau. For seven years in this mountainous region, units of the 101st Division [Airmobile] involved in no less than fifteen major commitments. The most famous of them are undoubtedly the Battle of Dong Ap Bia Mountain in May 1969 and the Base Fire Apui (Firebase) Ripcord, in March 1970.
Photo below: In 1965, men of the 1st Brigade of the 101st Division occupy a trench Vietcong.
3.1. Hamburger Hill.
In early May 1969, the 101st Airborne Division, with support from various units of the Marines (9th Regiment) and the South Vietnamese Army (3 / 5 Cavalry ARVN Battalion, 2 / 1 and 4 / 1 Battalion of the 1st Infantry Division ARVN) begin Operation Apache Snow in the Valley of A Chau.
Dong Ap Bia Mountain or Hill 937, located approximately 600m from the Laotian border, the whole valley of A Chau, its summit is over 900m above sea level. There are two entrenched North Vietnamese battalions, a staff of approximately 800 men.
units of the 3rd Brigade of the 101st Division designated to lead the assault on the mountain are the 3rd Battalion, 187th Regiment, Lt. Col. Weldon Honeycutt, the 2nd Battalion, five hundred and first Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Robert German, and 1st Battalion of the 506th Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel John Bowers. The two South Vietnamese battalions 2 / 1 and 4 / 1 are temporarily assigned to the American brigade as support units and reinforcements.
The 3rd Brigade fires his offensive May 10, 1969 at dawn. To eliminate the North Vietnamese presence in this mountain, eleven successive assault and ten days will be required. The battle ends May 20 when the Screaming Eagles reach the summit.
During this bloody battle, the Screaming Eagles have committed a total of five battalions and a workforce of about 1800 men. Their losses amounted to 72 killed and 372 wounded. In support mission, the Air Force has conducted 272 sorties, and dropped against the North Vietnamese positions 450 tons of bombs and 69 tons of napalm. Après la bataille, ils surnomment la montagne Hamburger Hill ("La Colline de la Viande Hachée").
Ci-dessous: deux soldats américains sautent d'un hélicoptère UH-1 Huey d'une LZ sur les pentes d' Hamburger Hill (18 mai 1969).
3.2. Base Appui-feu Ripcord.
Le 12 mars 1970, la 3ème Brigade réoccupe et commence à reconstruire la Base Appui-feu Ripcord , abandonné l'année précédente. Cette position sert ensuite de base de départ aux offensives de la 101ème Division pour détruire les bases North Vietnamese supply in the valley of A Chau. From March 12 to June 30, NVA attack sporadically based Ripcord, to test American defenses. On the morning of July 1, the North Vietnamese changed tactics and bombarded for 23 days, the U.S. based mortars. During this battle, 250 Americans were killed in action, including the commander of the 2nd Battalion of the 506th Regiment, Colonel Andre Lucas. It is also the last major engagement of the U.S. Army in Vietnam.
3.3. Lam Son 719.
On February 8, 1971, elements of the 101st Division will participate, as a force for support and protection, Operation Lam Son 719, an incursion of the South Vietnamese army in southern Laos. However, this offensive soon turns to complete fiasco for the ARVN, which suffered heavy losses and had to return, March 25, his starting positions. The result is that Americans are losing confidence in the South Vietnamese army. For the concept of "Vietnamization" of the conflict, it is a blow.
balance of this battle:
- North Vietnamese losses: 2613 killed and 6176 wounded.
- South Vietnamese losses: 1529 killed, 5483 wounded and 625 missing.
- U.S. casualties: 215 killed, 1149 wounded and 38 missing.
During the seven years of its presence in South Vietnam, the 101st Airborne Division recorded the following losses: 4011 killed in action and 18,259 wounded. More than twice that she has suffered during the Second World War.
3.4. Commanders of the division (1965-1973).
- Major-General E. Beverly Powell (March 1964 - March 1966).
- Major General Ben Sternberg (March 1966 - July 1967).
- Major General Olinto M. Barsanti (July 1967 - July 1968).
- Major General Melvin Zais (July 1968 - May 1969).
- Major-General John Mr. Wright (May 1969 - May 1970).
- Major-General John J. Hennessey (May 1970 - February 1971).
- Major General Thomas M. Tarpley (February 1971 - April 1972).
- Major-General John H. Cushman (April 1972 - August 1973).
4 ° post-Vietnam period (1973-1991).
In 1968, the 101st Division adopts the new structure and equipment of a "Airmobile Division", with the advent of the helicopter as a weapon on the battlefield. After his return from Vietnam in 1972, it retains one of its brigade (3rd) according to a paratrooper unit. This will subsequently redesignated the 173rd Airborne Brigade. The two other brigades and support units are converted to airmobile units. With the abandonment of the status paratrooper, 101st introduced the new "Airmobile Badge", soon renamed "Air Assault Badge," whose design is inspired by the gliding badge of the infantry of the Second World War.
In September 1980 the 1st Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment, 2nd Brigade conducts Operation Bright Star '80 , deployment of peacekeeping in Egypt. A
Tragedy strikes the 101st Division December 12, 1985. Canadian civil aircraft, the Arrow Air Flight 1285, carrying U.S. troops to participate in the "Multinational Force and Observers" in the Sinai desert, crashed near Gander, Newfoundland. All 8 crew and 248 passengers it carries perished in the disaster. President Ronald Reagan and his wife Nancy traveled to Fort Campbell to comfort the families of victims.
On 8 March 1988, two transport helicopters from the 101st Division collided in flight and crashed, killing its 17 occupants.
Photo below: soldiers of the 101th Division during a year in 1972.
4.1. Commanders of the division (1973-1991).
- Major General Sidney B. Berry (August 1973 - July 1974).
- Major-General John W. McEnery (August 1974 - February 1976).
- Major-General John A. Wickham, Jr. (March 1976 - March 1978).
- Major General John N. Brandenburg (March 1978 - June 1980).
- Major General Jack V. Mackmull (June 1980 - August 1981).
- Major General Charles W. Bagnall (August 1981 - August 1983).
- Major General James E. Thompson (August 1983 - June 1985).
- Major General Burton D. Patrick (June 1985 - May 1987).
- Major-General Teddy G. Allen (May 1987 - August 1989).
- Major-General JH Binford Peay III (August 1989 - June 1991).
5 ° Decade 1991-2000.
In January 1991, the 101st Division [Air Assault] is deployed in Saudi Arabia, to participate in Operation Desert Storm , built in the XVIII Airborne Corps. During the Campaign of One Hundred Hours "alongside the 82nd Airborne Division and French Daguet , and conducts operations to attack and assault helicopter deep into enemy territory.
On this occasion, 8 helicopters AH-64D Apache the 101st Aviation Regiment take the first ground offensive ammunition ally, destroying Iraqi radar sites, two important detection and early warning.
The division then participate in humanitarian missions in Rwanda and Somalia, as well as missions of peacekeeping in Haiti and Bosnia, under United Nations mandate.
In August 2000, the 2nd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment deployed to Kosovo on a mission of peacekeeping under the UN umbrella.
In September and October 2000, the 3rd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment was put to the fight against forest fires in Bitterhood, Montana.
5.1. Commanders of the division (1991-2000).
- Major-General John Miller (June 1991 - July 1993).
- Major-General John M. Keane (July 1993 - Févruer 1996).
- Major-General William F. "Buck" Kernan (February 1996 - February 1998).
- Major Robert T. généram Clark (February 1998 - June 2000).
6 ° Global war against terrorism (2001-Present).
6.1. Operation Enduring Freedom: Afghanistan.
The 101st Airborne Division [Air Assault] is the first conventional unit of the U.S. Army to participate in the Global War the United States against terrorism. The 2nd Infantry Brigade Strike, which is deployed in Kosovo peacekeeping mission of peace, passed under the authority of the U.S. Central Command, with the 5th Special Forces Group based at Fort Campbell.
The 101st Division's 3rd Brigade deployed quickly Rakkasan and the 187th Regiment. This is the first American unit to fight in Afghanistan in October 2001 as part of Operation Enduring Freedom (Enduring Freedom).
Postoperatively Anaconda (1 to March 19, 2002) and heavy fighting against the Taliban in the mountains of the Sho-Khot-eastern Afghanistan, conducted with the 10th Mountain Division, the 3rd Brigade returned to the United States.
Photo below: The Rakkasan the 187th Infantry Regiment are involved in Operation Anaconda , the first major U.S. offensive against the Taliban in March 2002.
In 2008, the 4th Brigade Currahee , including 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 506th Infantry Regiment Band of Brothers , is deployed in Afghanistan for a period of one year. The 101st Combat Aviation Brigade is also present in Afghanistan as Task Force Destiny, on the Bagram airbase. The 159th Aviation Brigade succession, as Task Force Thunder ("Thunderball") in January 2009.
In 2010, Divisional Headquarters, the 101th Brigade Aviation, 1st (327th Regiment), 2nd (502nd Regiment), 3rd (187th Regiment) and 4th (506th Regiment) were deployed combat brigades in Afghanistan. This is the first time since Iraq in 2006 that the four combat brigades are operating at the same theater. In March, the 101st Aviation Brigade, as always TF- Destiny, is deployed to the Kandahar International Airport in the south.
6.2. Operation Iraqi Freedom.
In March 2003, under the command Major-General David H. Petraeus ("Eagle 6") (4), the 101st Airborne Division [Air Assault] participates in the invasion of Iraq. It is subject to U.S. V Corps Victory and provides air support to the 3rd Infantry Division, neutralizing with its Apache helicopters fight points of strength and armored forces of the Republic Guard all along its path .
The 3rd Battalion, 187th Regiment of the 3rd Infantry Brigade is incorporated into the head formation of the V Corps, 3rd Infantry Division, and delivers violent battle in Karbala, Hilla and Najaf. He participates also cleaning and securing Saddam International Airport the outskirts of Baghdad in early April.
The 101st Division shall then be deployed for a period of one year ( Tour of Duty ) in the north, with Mosul as a main operating base. The 1st and 2nd Battalions, 327th Regiment are positioned on the airfield Qayarrah West, 48km south of Mosul. The 502nd Regiment of the 2nd Brigade and the 3rd Battalion, 327th Regiment were responsible for the city itself, while the rest of the 327th Regiment of the 3rd Brigade control Tal Afar, further north.
Photo below: In August 2003, Major-General David Petraeus, commander of the 101st Airborne Division at the time, take a "walkabout" in the streets of Mosul.
The Screaming Eagles were relieved by the 3rd Brigade [Stryker] of the 2nd Infantry Division in early 2004, and returned to the United States to be revamped and replenished. Division suffers when its new "modular transformation," the brigades of infantry and the artillery brigade was reorganized into traditional "combat brigade".
This new configuration of the 101st Airborne Division will consist of seven major units: four brigade combat [Air Assault], two Air Force combat brigades and a brigade support [logistics].
She makes a second trip to Iraq in late summer 2005. The Division Headquarters is the 42nd Rainbow Infantry Division National Guard (ARNG), and conducts security operations as Task Force Band of Brothers . On 1 November, she assumed responsibility for four provinces in northern Iraq: Salah ad Din, As Sulymaniyah, Ninevah and Dahuk. The TF Band of Brothers- is also training new Iraqi security forces and operations of law enforcement in the last two.
During this second deployment, the 2nd and 4th Brigades are assigned to combat security operations in the Task Force Baghdad, led initially by the 3rd Infantry Division, the latter then being relieved by the 4th Infantry Division. The 1st Battalion of the 506th Regiment of the 4th Brigade Combat is detached from the division is served under the command of the Marines in Ramadi, in Al Anbar province. The 3rd Brigade was assigned to sectors of Salah ad Din and Bayji. The 1st Brigade Combat Kirkuk province, an area particularly affected by communal violence at that time.
Below: Soldiers from the 3rd Battalion, 327th Regiment are conducting a raid to try to capture both the son of Saddam Hussein, Uday and Qusay, 31 July 2003.
Simultaneously with the formation and training of Iraqi soldiers, the Screaming Eagles conducting offensive operations against terrorist groups Al Qaeda in Iraq in the six provinces where they are present. Operation Swarm is the largest operation helicopter-borne assault since March 2003. The 1st Brigade Combat leads Operation Scorpion with Iraqi units near Kirkuk, 24 and 25 March 2006.
Many humanitarian operations are also conducted by the "Civil Affairs" divisional, such as rebuilding schools, clinics and hospitals, police stations, roads, etc..
In 2006, during the third deployment of the 101st Division, its four combat brigades serving in the same theater of operations, under the authority of the TF- Baghdad. The 1st Brigade in the province of Salah ad Din north-east of the capital, the 2nd Brigade in the north-west, the 3rd in the south-west, and the 4th Brigade in the Al Daura district and on the banks of the River Tigris near Sadr City.
In December 2007, 143 Screaming Eagles lost their lives in Iraq.
6.3. Commanders of the division (2001-Present).
- Major General Richard A. Cody (June 2000 - July 2002).
- Major-General David H. Petraeus (July 2002 - May 2004).
- Major General Thomas R. Turner II (May 2004 - November 2006).
- Major General Jeffrey J. Schloesser (November 2006 - July 2009).
- Major General John F. Campbell (July 2009 - Present).
(4) In the code of procedures of the American army radio, call sign "Six" refers to a unit commander.
Current organization of the 101st Airborne Division.
1. Identification system for helmets.
During WWII, the Screaming Eagles of the 101st Airborne Division were in the habit of painting a symbol on their helmets identifying inspired a series of decks: Diamonds , Spades, Hearts and Clubs. This identification system is now taken up by the combat brigades.
- Clover (clubs) (♣) 327th Regiment to the [1st Brigade Combat].
- Diamonds (Diamonds) (♦) for five hundred and first Regiment [one hundred and first Combat Aviation Brigade].
- Pique (Spades) (♠) for the 506th Regiment [4th Brigade Combat].
(See the TV series Band of Brothers )
- Heart (Hearts) (♥) 502nd Regiment for the [2nd Brigade Combat].
- Torii Japanese (
) for the 187th Regiment [3rd Brigade Combat].
- Triangle (
) [159th Combat Aviation Brigade].
2. Order of battle in 2011.
Command Parachute Demonstration
• Team Screaming Eagles .
• Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion Gladiodor (HHB).
- A Company Slayers.
- Company B Black Dragons.
- Company C Spartans.
- Company HQ and support Sentri .
- Divisional Orchestra Pride of the Eagle .
• 1st Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Bastogne (♣).
- Battalion "Special Troops".
- 1st Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment Above the Rest.
- 2nd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment No Slack.
- 2nd Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment Balls of the Eagle (M777 Howitzer ).
- 1st Squadron, 32nd Cavalry Regiment [Reconnaissance, Surveillance, Target Acquisition (RSTA)] Victory or Death .
- the 426th Support Battalion [Logistics] Brigade.
• 2nd Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Strike (♥).
- Battalion "Special Troops" One Strike, One Team .
- 1st Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment First Strike.
- 2nd Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment Strike Force.
- 1st Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment Top Guns (M777 Howitzer ).
- 1st Squadron, 75th Cavalry Regiment (RSTA) Widowmakers .
- the 526th Support Battalion [Logistics] Brigade.
• 3rd Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Rakkasan ( ).
- Battalion "Special Troops" Rak Solid .
- 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment Leader Rakkasan .
- 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment Iron Rakkasan .
- 3rd Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment Red Knight (M777 Howitzer ).
- 1st Squadron, 33rd Cavalry Regiment (RSTA) Rakkasan War.
- the 626th Support Battalion [Logistics] Brigadier Assurgam .
Below: Soldiers from Battery B, 3rd Battalion, 320th Regiment artillery in Iraq, September 8, 2006. Photo inspired poster of the famous television series Band of Brothers .
• 4th Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Currahee (♠).
- Battalion "Special Troops" Apache.
- 1st Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment Red Currahee .
- 2nd Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment White Currahee .
- 1st Squadron, 61st Cavalry Regiment (RSTA) Panther.
- 4th Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment Guns of Glory (M777 Howitzer ).
- eight hundred and first Support Battalion [Logistics] Brigadier Maintaineers .
• Combat Aviation Brigade, one hundred and first [Helicopters] Wings of Destiny (♦).
- Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC) Hell Cats.
- 2nd Squadron, 17th Cavalry Regiment (RSTA) Out Front (OH-58D Kiowa ).
- 1st Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [attack] Expect No Mercy (24 AH-64D Apache Longbow ).
- 2nd Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [attack] Eagle Warrior (24 AH-64D Apache Longbow ).
- 5th Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [Air Assault] Eagle Assault (UH-60A / L Black Hawk ).
- 6th Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [General Support Aviation (GSAB)] Shadow of the Eagle (UH-60A / L Black Hawk ).
- 96th Support Battalion [Logistics] Aviation Troubleshooters.
Below: 1 OH-58D Kiowa here equipped with AGM-114 Hellfire basket and a Hydra-70 rockets , Iraq, Oct. 22, 2004. 2 ° AH-64D Apache Longbow of the 101st Airborne Division, Iraq, Dec. 5, 2005.
• 159th Combat Aviation Brigade [Helicopters] Eagle Thunder ( ).
- Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC).
- 7th Squadron, 17th Cavalry Regiment [Reconnaissance, Surveillance, Target Acquisition (RSTA)] Pale Horse (OH-58D Kiowa ).
- 3rd Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [Attack] Attack Eagle (24 AH-64D Apache Longbow ).
- 4th Battalion, 101st Regiment Aviation [Air Assault] Wings of the Eagle ( UH-60L / M Black Hawk ).
- 7th Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [General Support Aviation (GSAB)] Eagle Lift (CH-47D / F Chinook ).
- 563rd Support Battalion [Logistics] Aviation Keep Them Fighting .
• one hundred and first Brigade Support [Logistics] Life Liners .
- one hundred and first Battalion of the brigade troops Trojans.
- the 129th Support Battalion Combat Logistics Sustainment Drive the Wedge.
- 106th Transportation Battalion.
- 326th Battalion Engineer (assigned to the 20th Engineer Brigade from Fort Bragg).
- 716th Military Police Battalion (assigned to the 16th Brigade from Fort Bragg PM).
Sources available: 1
101st Airborne Division (en.wikipedia.org).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/101st_Airborne_Division
2 ° 101st Airborne Division [Air Assault] (globalsecurity.org).
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/101abn.htm
3 101st Airborne Division (facebook.com).
http://www.facebook.com/ # / 101st
Today, its headquarters is based in Fort Campbell, Kentucky, and the "Screaming Eagles" serving in Iraq and Afghanistan. It is the only American division to have two brigades of combat aviation, and is one of the most prestigious units and decorated in the history of the United States. Its current commander is Major General John F. Campbell, collects a total of about 20,000 men and is part of XVIII Airborne Corps, the "Rapid Reaction Corps" from the U.S. Army, which is subordinate to FORSCOM.
Sheet of the 101st Airborne Division.
activation • Dates: August 19, 1942 to November 30, 1945. 1948-1950. 1954-Present.
• Country: United States of America.
• Branch: United States Army.
• Type: Airborne Division [Air Assault].
• Employees: approximately 20,000 men.
• Subordinate to: XVIII Airborne Corps, FORSCOM.
• Garrison / HQ: Fort Campbell, Kentucky.
• Nickname: Screaming Eagles .
• Motto: "Rendezvous With Destiny."
• Badge distinctive round:
• Commitments:
- World War II (Normandy, Holland, Ardennes, Germany).
- Vietnam War.
- Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm.
- Global war against terrorism.
- Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom.
• Decorations and citations.
- Presidential Citation from the U.S. Army for Normandy.
- Presidential Citation from the U.S. Army for Bastogne.
- Presidential Citation from the U.S. Army for Dak To, Vietnam 1966 (1st Brigade).
- Presidential Citation from the U.S. Army for Dong Ap Bia Mountain "Hamburger Hill" (3rd Brigade).
- Citation of Merit for Thua Thien (3rd Brigade and DIVARTY).
- Citation of Merit for Tuy Hoa (1st Brigade).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Army in Vietnam 1965-1966 (1st Brigade).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Army in Vietnam 1968 (3rd Brigade).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Army for the South-West (Except the 159th Division Aviation Brigade).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Army in Iraq 2005-2006 (4th Brigade).
- French Croix de Guerre with Palms for Normandy.
- Belgian Croix de Guerre with Palms for the Battle of the Bulge.
- Mention in the Agenda of the Belgian Army for his actions at Bastogne.
- Belgian Forage for his actions in 1944.
- Mention in the Agenda of the Belgian Army for his actions in France and Belgium.
- Gallanterie Cross of the Republic of South Vietnam 1966-1967 (1st Brigade).
- Gallanterie Cross of the Republic of South Vietnam 1968 (2nd Brigade).
- Gallanterie Cross of the Republic of South Vietnam 1968-1969 (except the 159th Division Aviation Brigade).
- Gallanterie Cross of the Republic of South Vietnam 1971 (except the 159th Division Aviation Brigade).
- Medal of Honor Civil Action of the Republic of South Vietnam, First Class for 1968-1970 (except the 159th Division Aviation Brigade).
- Medal of Honor Civil Action of the Republic of South Vietnam, First Class for 1970 (DIVARTY).
- Recommendation Letter of Merit from the U.S. Navy / USMC to Iraq 2005-2006 (4th Brigade).
• Current Commander: Major-General John F. Campbell.
• Former notable commanders: William C. Lee, Maxwell D. Taylor, Anthony C. McAuliffe, William C. Westmorland, Richard A. Cody and David H. Petraeus.
• Combat Brigades:
- 1st Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Bastogne.
- 2nd Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Strike .
- 3rd Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Rakkasan .
- 4th Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Currahee .
- one hundred and first Brigade Combat Aviation [Helicopters] Wings of Destiny .
- 159th Combat Aviation Brigade [Helicopters] Eagle Thunder .
History (1942-2011).
1 ° World War (1942-1945).
The 101st Airborne Division was activated August 16, 1942 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, with units of frames from the 82nd Division. On 19 August, its first commander, Major-General William C. "Bill" Lee, who is considered the father of American airborne troops, distributed a written discourses in which he announced to new recruits as "the 101st Airborne Division has no history, but his appointment with destiny!". This slogan became almost aussiôt its currency.
"The 101st Airborne Division, which was activated 16 August 1942 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, has no history, but it has a rendezvous with destiny.
" Due to the nature our weapons, and tactics that we develop ourselves, we are called upon to perform military missions of great importance and we will share, without fail, when the need arises.
"Let me bring to your attention the fact that our badge is the Great American Eagle. It is a noble emblem and entirely appropriate for a division that will crush his enemies soon as the lightning strikes the sky.
"The story we accomplish, the story of our feats of arms, which we hope they will enter the annals of the army and the American people, depends entirely on the men of this division. Each individual, each officer and man of rank must be regarded himself as a centerpiece of this complex and powerful instrument to destroy all enemies of the nation. Each of you in this noble task, should undertake it is not only a means, but a vitally important means to achieve victory. It is not presumptuous to say that we intend to take part in future history, that it is in the hands of men of the 101st Airborne Division. "
1.1. Normandy.
Scouts ( Pathfinders ) of the 101st Airborne Division in charge of marking the drop zones (DZ) and landing of gliders (LZ) jump into the Cotentin Peninsula shortly after midnight, alongside those of the 82nd division. They take off from the airfield at RAF North Witham, where they have trained with the All American , 21:30, 5 June at dusk (1). These are the first Allied soldiers to set foot in Normandy, between 0:20 ET 0:32, the night of June 6, 1944. The parachute regiment of the 101st Airborne Division (Albany Mission ) must be done in three waves.
Photo below: June 5, 1944, 20:30. General Dwight Eisenhower, Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force, talks about Greenham Common Airfield in southern England, with Lt. Wallace C. Strobel and paratroopers from Company E, 502nd Regiment Shortly before their departure for Normandy. The number "23" written in chalk on the board means the unit responsible for transporting them (438h Troop Carrier Group).
Objectives of the 101st Airborne Division:
- Capture and hold dual carriageway starting from Utah Beach .
- destroy the coastal battery of Saint Martin-de-Varreville.
- Capturing a command post Mésières artillery.
- Capture the lock of the tray (Carentan), on the fluke.
- Destroy a large highway bridge fluke at St. Come-du-Mont.
- Capture a bridge over the moat by Porte (Brévands).
- Defending the southern flank of the beachhead of Utah Beach.
The Screaming Eagles must also cut the maximum of German communications, establish roadblocks to prevent the arrival of enemy reinforcements, establish a defensive line between Utah Beach and Vologne, secure the DZ and LZ in the vicinity of the Forges, and finally joining up with the All American of the 82nd Airborne Division.
• Drop Zone A - First wave: 502nd Regiment (0:48 to 1:08).
The first wave of paratroopers of the 101st Division Airborne, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment, were dropped between 0:50 ET 1:08 am on the Drop Zone A (the north) by the C-47 of the 436th and 438th Troop Carrier Group 9th Air Force. But errors of navigation, cloud cover and the firing of the flak that U.S. paratroopers are jumping the wrong places, scattered in nature, mixing units to each other. Only part of the 2nd Battalion, Lieutenant Colonel Steve A. Chappuis managed to regroup and to fulfill its objective.
Many Americans are killed upon landing or drowned in marshes flooded the fluke, Merderet, or sometimes even off Utah Beach . 60% of heavy equipment is lost. This dispersion of U.S. paratroopers also causes confusion among the Germans. They technically had not determine their nature, their strength or their goals. Despite this disruption
prevailing everywhere, the 1st and 3rd Battalions, commanded respectively by Lieutenant-Colonel Patrick J. Cassidy and Robert G. Cole, manage to fill almost all of their goals. Cassidy captures St. Martin-de-Varreville at 6:30, and sends a patrol to seize the headquarters of German Mésières, while draw a line between defense and Foucarville Beuzeville. Cole movement near Saint-Mere-Eglise to the battery Varreville German, and at 7:30, takes the output of E-3 beach of Utah Beach. The paratroopers of the 502nd Regiment of Colonel George Van Horn Moseley, Jr then help the 4th Infantry Division to strengthen its bridgehead.
• Drop Zone C - Second Wave: 1/506ème, and 2/506ème 3/501ème (0:14 to 1:20).
The 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, commanded by Colonel Robert F. Sink, is the second wave of the 101st Division. DZ-C, located 1.6km west of St. Marie-Du-Mont, is concealed by a thick cloud cover, and the C-47 of the 435th and 439th TCG who are carrying victims of a violent barrage of flak. Three of them were slaughtered before the airdrops. Despite this opposition and the dispersal of American paratroopers, the 1st Battalion manages to combine the two thirds of its workforce.
The 2nd Battalion of Lieutenant Colonel Robert L. Strayer jumps too far west of the drop zone, near Sainte-Mere-Eglise. Most of his men were able to regroup, however, nearly Foucarville. They head to Utah Beach to capture the outputs of beaches, and fighting near Houdienville, until late in the afternoon, before joining up with the 4th Infantry Division.
The 3rd Battalion of Lieutenant-Colonel Julian J. Ewell is less fortunate and suffered heavy losses, but nevertheless, fills most of its objectives.
Having grouped around him a motley force of Screaming Eagles and All American, the size of a company, the commander of the 101st Division, Major General Maxwell D. Taylor reached Pouppeville to 6am. Hurbain after a battle lasting six hours, with elements of the German 1058th Grenadier Regiment, he seized the town, sécurise les sorties de plage d'Utah Beach et attend l'arrivée de la 4ème Division d'infanterie.
Photo ci-dessous: C-47 Skytrain du 439th TCG, avec les "bandes d'invasion" noirs et blanches caractéristiques de l'opération Overlord .
• Zone de largage D - Troisième vague: 1/501, 2/501 et 3/506ème (1h26 - 1h40).
Les C-47 des 440th et 441st TCG de la troisième vague sont victimes de la FlaK et perdent six des leurs. De plus, une partie des DZ sont couvertes par des tirs de mitrailleuses lourdes et de mortiers allemands, ce qui causent de lourdes pertes dans les rangs américains. Deux the three commanders of battalions engaged were killed.
surviving battalion commander, Lt. Col. Robert A. Ballard, nevertheless managed to gather 250 men and move towards Saint Côme-du-Mont and destroyed a large road bridge over the moat. But at 800m before reaching its goal the Droueries, he is stopped by elements of the 3rd Battalion of the 1058th Grenadier Regiment. Another group of 50 paratroopers, commanded by Major Richard J. Allen, attack the same target from the east to Lower Addeville, but he is also postponed.
The commander of five hundred and first Parachute Infantry Regiment, Col. Howard R. Johnson, gather 150 men and reached its goal of capturing the Lock the tray on the fluke, around 4am. After establishing defensive positions, he returned to his reform DZ and a second group of 100 paratroopers, including Allen, to reinforce its positions.
Despite the support of artillery of heavy cruiser Quincy , Johnson is unable to continue and take St. Come-du-Mont or establish its junction with Ballard.
Photo below: paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division, pose with a Nazi flag captured in St. Marcouf, June 8, 1944.
• Other actions of the 506th Regiment on D-Day.
Two other notable actions are performed by units of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment during June 6, 1944. Each of them ending with the destruction or capture of German artillery batteries.
At around 8:30, near the Manor Brécourt, a patrol of about twenty paratroopers of Company E, 2nd Battalion, commanded by 1st Lieutenant Richard D. "Dick" Winters discovers and stormed Battery No. 6 of the 90th Regiment of the 91st Air Division (Luftwaffe), defended by a network trench, several MG42 machine gun post and a force three or four times greater in number. They destroyed four pieces of 105mm. This heroic action to be worth at Winters received the Distinguished Service Cross (Cross for Distinguished Service), the second highest decorated U.S. Army, after the Medal of Honor, and three of his men, the 2nd- Lieutenant Lynn "Buck" Compton, Sergeant William "Wild Bill" Guarnere Gerald Lorraine and the soldier, receiving the Silver Star (Silver Star).
Soon after, when he inspected the area, Colonel Robert F. Sink discovered a second battery of German 105mm to Holdy between his PC and Sainte Marie-du-Mont, defended by 70 men of the 6th Parachute Regiment under the command of Lieutenant Friedrich von der Heydte. An assault force is composed by masters Lloyd E. Patch (HQ Company of the 506th) and Knut H. Rudstein (C Company, 1st Battalion) to capture the enemy position. But before Sink could put his plan into action, three of the four German 105mm howitzers were destroyed by a platoon of the 502nd Regiment.
At the end of the day, Maj. Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor and his two assistants divisional (ADC), Brigadier General Anthony C. McAuliffe, managed to recover about 2500 Screaming Eagles dispersed in nature, on the 6600 who skipped the previous night. Two further deployment of Waco and Horsa gliders of the 327th Infantry Regiment gliding are provided in the evening, and reinforce the American paratroopers. During this deployment ( Chicago Mission), Brigadier General Don F. Pratt, the second assistant ADC Taylor, was killed in the crash of his glider. This is the best officer in the highest rank to die during D-Day.
1.2. Market Garden.
On September 17, 1944, begins operation Market Garden (2). The 101st Airborne Division is now part of the new XVIII Corps of the 1st Allied Airborne Army, made recently. The Screaming Eagles participate for one week (17-25 September) in the largest deployment of paratroopers (35,000 men) of the Second World War, however, sees the final defeat of Marshal Bernard Montgomery, the designer of the plan to seize the Arnhem bridge, the key to the whole operation, despite the achievement of intermediate objectives.
Montgomery's plan requires capturing a series of bridges and crossings over the Meuse (Maas), the two arms of the Rhine (the Waal) and several smaller channels (Wilhelmina and William), along the route that the 30th British Corps will have to borrow. The objective of the plan is possible to bypass the Siegfried Line by the North and allow the Allies to enter Germany by the great Ruhr industrial basin, which would at the same time a mortal blow to the economy of war Third Reich, and would accelerate the end of the conflict in Europe. Three airborne divisions
are designated to participate. The 82nd and 101st Divisions U.S. and the 1st Division British Red Devils and an independent Polish brigade. The objectives of the 101st Division is taking the bridges in the region Eindohven-Son-Veghel, on the Meuse and the Wilhelmina Canal.
Taking bridges at Eindhoven and Veghel performed without particular difficulties, but the destruction of the bridge His Wilhelmina Canal, south of Eindhoven, will delay the lead unit of the 30th Corps, the Regiment Armoured Irish Guards, for nearly two days. The contact between the Screaming Eagles and Irish Guards was established on September 18 to about 16 hours, and at dusk, the British tanks are their entry in Eindhoven, where the Dutch population although their warm hospitality provided.
Photo below: paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division in Eindhoven, along with local resistance, awaiting the arrival of the 30th British Corps with impatience at the Cathedral.
The Screaming Eagles are then responsible for securing the route of the 30th Corps and allow their connection with the 82nd Airborne Division at Grave and Nijmegen, along Road No. 69 which was soon nicknamed Hell's Highway ("The Road to Hell"). U.S. paratroopers in Holland will be present for several weeks until the end of October, before being relieved by the 1st Canadian Army and being sent to rest, replenished and reorganized in the region of Reims-Mourmelon France.
1.3. Battle of the Bulge: "Nuts!".
The Battle of the Bulge (3) is one of the last offensive of the Wehrmacht at the end of the Second World War. It takes place in the massive forester of the Ardennes of Belgium and Luxemburg. The German general plan, devised by Adolf Hitler against the negative opinion of a majority of his generals, and cross the Meuse (intermediate target) and take the port of Antwerp (final goal), on the Scheldt, which would result in isolation the twenty-first Army Group (Anglo-Canadian), Holland, the rest of the allied forces (American and French) to the south. In Hitler's mind, it would necessarily "divorce" between Americans and British, who would then seek a solution "diplomatic" to the conflict. Which enabled him to devote himself entirely to operations on the Eastern Front.
Despite several warning signs Alarmingly, the German offensive, launched at dawn on December 16, 1944, is a complete surprise to the high command of U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower.
sector of the Ardennes is precisely the Achilles heel of the Allies. Ironically, Americans have sent "at rest" the divisions affected by the fighting of Aix-la-Chapelle, where those newly arrived on the continent and without combat experience. Arranged on a broad front of a hundred miles between Monschau and Echternach, five divisions of U.S. V Corps and VIII: from north to south, 99th, 106th, 28th and 4th Divisions Infantry, with three Combat Command of the 9th Armored Division in coverage in the regions of St. Vith, the Skyline Drive (Route Crest ") and Black Ertz. They gather a total of 68 000 men. They will experience the tremendous shock of three German armies, including two armored, totaling 240,000 men, 1800 tanks and 2000 artillery pieces.
At the end of the second day of the German offensive, two regiments (422nd and 423rd) of the 106th Infantry Division were surrounded on the plateau of the Schnee Eifel. The 28th Infantry Division was about to succumb. His 110th Regiment, which covers the Bastogne, where is installed the VIII Corps HQ U.S. Major General Troy Middleton, is overwhelmed by the tanks of the 5th Panzer Army, and loses all of its workforce: 2780 men.
But earlier stages, on the evening of December 16, Eisenhower ordered his strategic reserves SHAEF, the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions, arranged in the region of Reims-Mourmelon, to move to the front of the Ardennes. Combat Command B (CCB) of the 10th Armoured Division, located in Saarland, and the 705th Battalion Tank-Destroyers are also called in reinforcements.
While the 82nd Airborne Division continued on to the Salm, north of the German salient, the Screaming Eagles are diverted to Bastogne. The vanguard of five hundred and first Regiment entered the city on the night of December 18 to 19, shortly after midnight, when the city is on the verge of falling into German hands. The rest of the 101st arriving at dawn on December 19 at 9am. The sacrifice of the 28th Infantry Division and CCB of the 9th Armored Division will not be useless.
December 21, 1944, is completely surrounded Bastogne. Climatic conditions are very harsh, stocks and supplies, Medical were captured by the Germans 19. CCB of the 10th Armored Division (TF-Rose Harper-TF and TF-Desobry) is almost entirely destroyed Antoniushaff, and Feitsh Noville. What remains of the two CWB the 9th and 10th Armoured Divisions (40 Sherman tanks !) Is then regrouped on the back of the front and form a "mobile reserve" fire support to the 101st Airborne Division. The Screaming Eagles also have three battalions of artillery, which included the 969th, composed exclusively of African-Americans. These three battalions, each comprising 12 pieces of 155mm, are combined into a single Divisional Artillery Command.
The two divisions of the 47th Panzer leave the assault to the west and the Meuse, leaving only a Panzergrenadier Regiment of the Panzer Lehr to support the 26th Division Volkgrenadiers to invest the city.
December 22, 1944, the consumption of American artillery shells is reduced to 10 per room per day. That same day, around noon, four German parliamentarians present with a white flag before the lines of Company F of the 327th Infantry Regiment gliding, south of Bastogne on the road from Arlon. They carry a written offer to surrender, written by Commander of the 47th Panzer Corps, Lieutenant General Heinrich Freiherr von Lüttwitz:
" the American commander of the garrison at Bastogne", demanding unconditional surrender. "In case of refusal, the German artillery was ready to remove U.S. troops in and around Bastogne .
" considerable civilian casualties that would result, concluded that the text did not reflect the sentiments of many American Humanity known. "
The four Germans, one major, a lieutenant serving as an interpreter and two soldiers accompanying ducts are in Bastogne HQ Brigadier General Anthony C. McAuliffe, who in the absence of Maxwell Taylor to leave the United States at the outbreak of the German offensive, assumed command of Acting 101st Airborne Division.
becoming aware of the message German, First American can help but exclaim: " Nuts! " and reflective forms more "diplomatic" in his response, he asked advice subordinates present. His chief of Intelligence G-3, Lieutenant Colonel Harry W. Kinnard, replied:
" Sir, I think your first answer was the best! "
- " What was that? "
- " You said:" Nuts! ".
McAuliffe takes the paper and wrote on the back:" December 22, 1944 - On German Commander: Nuts! The American commander. .
Col. Joseph H. Harper, commander of the 327th Infantry Regiment gliding, present at the interview, reiterated the two Germans in the lines of the company F. Before adjourning, the German General Staff asked the interpreter, Lieutenant Hellmuth Henke: " WHAs IS NUTS? Affirmativ oder negativ? . Henke relays the question to his superior to Harper: " I speak English, but I do not know the meaning of the word" Nuts! "
The American then replied:" It damn negative! That means: Go to hell! If you continue this stupid attack, we will kill every damn German who tries to enter the city. "
Thus the answer" Nuts! "McAuliffe's a legend. It sends its" Christmas wishes "to his troops encircled.
On 23 December 1944, comes a thinning, and the U.S. Air Force in making the most to supply the besieged and harassed the columns of German vehicles. During the day, 334 tons of supplies are parachuted from C-47 of the 9th Air Force.
On 24 December 1944, the 26th Division and tanks of Volksgrenadier Kampgruppe Kunkel of the Panzer Lehr took the offensive defensive perimeter around the U.S.. This reduces, but finally the Germans were repulsed with heavy losses.
December 25, 1944, Christmas Day, the martyred city undergoes its most violent artillery bombardment. The Germans renewed their attacks, with no more success than before.
December 26, 1944 tanks of the 4th Armored Division of the U.S. 3rd Army finally establish their junction with the 101st Airborne Division. Bastogne was encircled more! During this siege, the Screaming Eagles have gained a new nickname: The Battered Bastards of Bastogne ("Bastards of Bastogne Beaten").
Below: Patton's 3rd Army sent to the aid of "bastards of Bastogne."
The siege is lifted, but the battles of the 101st Airborne Division are not finished yet.
On 2 January 1945, the 506th Regiment moved Jacques in the woods, and took position ahead the hamlets Recogne and Foy, defended by the 12th Panzer Division Hitler Jugend SS on the road-Bastogne-Houffalize Noville. In the days that follow, the Screaming Eagles Colonel Sink are constantly shelled by German artillery.
January 13, 1945, the 506th Regiment finally released the Bois Jacques and regains Foy, after fierce fighting with the 12th SS Panzer-Division. Recogne, Noville, where he discovered the carcasses of tanks Sherman Task Force Desobry destroyed on December 21 last, and finally Rachamps, are shown in the following days. These are the last battles fought by the 101st Airborne Division during the Battle of the Bulge.
Below: memorial of the 506th Regiment Company E, in Foy, to the Bois Jacques.
1.4. German campaign - fighting ended.
After the Battle of the Bulge, February 5, 1945, the 101st Airborne Division was sent to Alsace, Haguenau, to meet the 313th Regiment of the 79th Infantry Division. The Screaming Eagles confined in a defensive position and limited Patrol activities.
February 25, 1945, they return Mourmelon to be restored and replenished. The new recruits undergo rigorous training. End of March 1945, after the launch of Operation Varsity , which she does not share, the 101st Airborne Division moved near Dusseldorf. The Screaming Eagles then participate, alongside the 82nd Airborne Division, to reduce the huge pocket in the German Ruhr area.
18 April 1945, Army Group H Marshal Walther Model capitulates: Americans There are 325,000 prisoners of war. April 22, the 101st Airborne Division was transferred to Bavaria and headed towards the Alps. Its objectives are taken from Munich, Innsbruck, the Brenner Pass, the "Eagles Nest" of Adolf Hitler and Berchtesgaden.
April 29, 1945, the 506th Regiment releases the concentration camps of Buchloe near the town of Landsberg. On 3 May, he finally reached Berchtesgaden, having topped the pole, just a few hours, the 2nd French Armored Division Leclerc, and puts his hand on the fabulous treasures of war which the Nazi party officials (Goering, Bormann, Himmler, ...) had plundered through throughout Europe.
May 8, 1945, the 101st Airborne Division is transferred to trucks in the region of Zell am See, Austria, 80km south of Berchtesgaden. She remained there until 31 July. After she left Austria and embarked at Le Havre to regain the United States, is officially off November 30.
Losses incurred during the Second World War: 1766 killed in action, 6388 wounded and 324 died of their injuries.
1.5. Order of Battle (1944-1945).
- City-Divisional Officer.
- 327th Infantry Regiment gliding.
- four hundred and first hovered Infantry Regiment (1945, dissolved on March 1).
- five hundred and first Parachute Infantry Regiment (1 May 1944-9 May 1945)
- 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment.
- 506th Infantry Regiment paracgutiste (September 15, 1943 to March 1, 1945).
- Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion (HHB) Divisional Artillery.
- 321st Field Artillery Battalion gliding (75mm).
- 377th Field Artillery Battalion gliding ((75mm).
- 463rd Field Artillery Battalion gliding (75mm).
- 907th Field Artillery Battalion gliding (75mm).
- 81st Airborne AA Battalion artillery.
- 326th Airborne Engineer Battalion.
- 326th Airborne Medical Company.
- one hundred and first Parachute Maintenance Company.
- one hundred and first Company of transmissions.
- one hundred and first detachment of the Counter-Intelligence Corps.
- HQ, "Special Troops".
- eight hundred and first Airborne Company & Maintenance Ordinance.
- Company 426th Quartermaster (QM) Airborne.
- Company Headquarters, 101st Division.
- Military Police Platoon.
- Reconnaissance Platoon.
- Divisional Orchestra.
1.6. Commanders of the division (1942-1945):
- Major-General William C. Lee (August 1942 - February 1944).
- Brigadier General Don F. Pratt (February 6 to March 14, 1944).
- Major General Maxwell D. Taylor (March 1944 - August 1945).
- Brigadier-General Anthony C. McAuliffe (5-26 December 1945).
(1) Blogosphere Mara, "Operation Overlord - D-Day: The first day of fighting"
(2) Blogosphere Mara, "17-25 September 1944 - Operation Market Garden : a bridge too far "
(3) Blogosphere Mara," 16 décembre 1944 to 1925 January 1945 - Battle of the Bulge: the showdown "
2 fifties: the struggle for black civil rights.
The 101st Airborne Division was reactivated as an unit training at Camp Breckenridge, Kentucky, between 1948 and 1950. Then again in 1954 at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. In March 1956 she was transferred to Fort Campbell, Kentucky, to be transformed into combat division. The 101st was reorganized as a division pentomic, with five "battle groups" instead of the structure traditional regiments and battalions of the Second World War. This reorganization is effective at the end of April 1957.
- 2nd Airborne Battle Group, 187th Infantry Regiment.
- 1st Airborne Battle Group, 327th Infantry Regiment.
- 1st Airborne Battle Group, 501st Infantry Regiment.
- 1st Airborne Battle Group, 502nd Infantry Regiment.
- 1st Airborne Battle Group, 506th Infantry Regiment.
Divisional Artillery (DIVARTY), meanwhile, is divided into the following units:
- Battery D, 319th Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- E Battery, 319th Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- Battery, 321st Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- B Battery, 321st Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- C Battery, 321st Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
- Battery A, 377th Field Artillery Battalion [Airborne].
2.1. Case of the "Little Rock Nine."
The "Little Rock Nine" (The Little Rock Nine ) are a group of students admitted to African-Americans the Central High School in Little Rock after the landmark ruling of the Supreme Court of the United States in the Case Brown vs. Board of Education 17 May 1954, which outlaws racial segregation inside of school. The governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus, opposed the federal decision to deploy a cordon of state National Guard to the institution to deny access to black students and support the segregationists, September 4, 1957. The spectacle of U.S. soldiers standing guard outside the entrance to the school soon attracted the attention of the whole countries and worldwide over the city.
The Attorney General and the Department of Justice then issue an injunction against the governor to compel him to comply with federal decision rendered. On 20 September, a judge of the Supreme Court, Ronald N. Davies, ordered Faubus to withdraw the National Guard in front of the school.
To enforce the injection, President Dwight D. Eisenhower goes even further. It uses elements of the Battle Group 327th Regiment to escort, protect and allow the black students from entering the school. The 101st Airborne Division when deployed in the streets of Little Rock to fight against possible protests and looting. The Screaming Eagles will remain until Thanksgiving (fourth Thursday of October) 1957, when they are identified by the Task Force 153rd Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Arkansas National Guard under the federal authority.
[Note Mare Jade]: the racial segregation was officially banned in the Southern States since the late fifties, but in fact it still persists today, as some form another, in some places ...
2.2. Division Commander (1950-1965).
- Major General Cornelius E. Ryan (August 1950 - May 1951).
- Major General Roy E. Porter (May 1950 - May 1953).
- Major-General Paul DeWitt Adams (May - December 1953).
- Major-General Riley F. Ennis (May 1954 - October 1955).
- G Major General FS Bowen (October 1955 - March 1956).
- Major General Thomas L. Sherburne, Jr. (May 1956 - March 1958).
- Major-General William C. Westmoreland (April 1958 - June 1960).
- Major-General Ben Harrell (June 1960 - June 1961).
- Major-General CWG Rich (July 1961 - February 1963).
- Major General Harry H. Critz (February 1963 - March 1964).
3 Vietnam War.
In 1963, the 101st Airborne Division, like other divisions of the U.S. Army adopted a "Table of Organization and Equipment (TOE) modified, reintroducing the concept of modular" brigades "that had been removed shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War.
In 1965, the 1st Brigade and support troops are deployed in South Vietnam, and the rest of the 101st Division in 1967 follows. The Screaming Eagles are deployed in the north, in the area of operation of the I Corps near the Laotian border, and their mission is to prevent the infiltration of North Vietnamese Army (NVA) by the Track Ho Chi Minh and the Valley of A Chau. For seven years in this mountainous region, units of the 101st Division [Airmobile] involved in no less than fifteen major commitments. The most famous of them are undoubtedly the Battle of Dong Ap Bia Mountain in May 1969 and the Base Fire Apui (Firebase) Ripcord, in March 1970.
Photo below: In 1965, men of the 1st Brigade of the 101st Division occupy a trench Vietcong.
3.1. Hamburger Hill.
In early May 1969, the 101st Airborne Division, with support from various units of the Marines (9th Regiment) and the South Vietnamese Army (3 / 5 Cavalry ARVN Battalion, 2 / 1 and 4 / 1 Battalion of the 1st Infantry Division ARVN) begin Operation Apache Snow in the Valley of A Chau.
Dong Ap Bia Mountain or Hill 937, located approximately 600m from the Laotian border, the whole valley of A Chau, its summit is over 900m above sea level. There are two entrenched North Vietnamese battalions, a staff of approximately 800 men.
units of the 3rd Brigade of the 101st Division designated to lead the assault on the mountain are the 3rd Battalion, 187th Regiment, Lt. Col. Weldon Honeycutt, the 2nd Battalion, five hundred and first Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Robert German, and 1st Battalion of the 506th Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel John Bowers. The two South Vietnamese battalions 2 / 1 and 4 / 1 are temporarily assigned to the American brigade as support units and reinforcements.
The 3rd Brigade fires his offensive May 10, 1969 at dawn. To eliminate the North Vietnamese presence in this mountain, eleven successive assault and ten days will be required. The battle ends May 20 when the Screaming Eagles reach the summit.
During this bloody battle, the Screaming Eagles have committed a total of five battalions and a workforce of about 1800 men. Their losses amounted to 72 killed and 372 wounded. In support mission, the Air Force has conducted 272 sorties, and dropped against the North Vietnamese positions 450 tons of bombs and 69 tons of napalm. Après la bataille, ils surnomment la montagne Hamburger Hill ("La Colline de la Viande Hachée").
Ci-dessous: deux soldats américains sautent d'un hélicoptère UH-1 Huey d'une LZ sur les pentes d' Hamburger Hill (18 mai 1969).
3.2. Base Appui-feu Ripcord.
Le 12 mars 1970, la 3ème Brigade réoccupe et commence à reconstruire la Base Appui-feu Ripcord , abandonné l'année précédente. Cette position sert ensuite de base de départ aux offensives de la 101ème Division pour détruire les bases North Vietnamese supply in the valley of A Chau. From March 12 to June 30, NVA attack sporadically based Ripcord, to test American defenses. On the morning of July 1, the North Vietnamese changed tactics and bombarded for 23 days, the U.S. based mortars. During this battle, 250 Americans were killed in action, including the commander of the 2nd Battalion of the 506th Regiment, Colonel Andre Lucas. It is also the last major engagement of the U.S. Army in Vietnam.
3.3. Lam Son 719.
On February 8, 1971, elements of the 101st Division will participate, as a force for support and protection, Operation Lam Son 719, an incursion of the South Vietnamese army in southern Laos. However, this offensive soon turns to complete fiasco for the ARVN, which suffered heavy losses and had to return, March 25, his starting positions. The result is that Americans are losing confidence in the South Vietnamese army. For the concept of "Vietnamization" of the conflict, it is a blow.
balance of this battle:
- North Vietnamese losses: 2613 killed and 6176 wounded.
- South Vietnamese losses: 1529 killed, 5483 wounded and 625 missing.
- U.S. casualties: 215 killed, 1149 wounded and 38 missing.
During the seven years of its presence in South Vietnam, the 101st Airborne Division recorded the following losses: 4011 killed in action and 18,259 wounded. More than twice that she has suffered during the Second World War.
3.4. Commanders of the division (1965-1973).
- Major-General E. Beverly Powell (March 1964 - March 1966).
- Major General Ben Sternberg (March 1966 - July 1967).
- Major General Olinto M. Barsanti (July 1967 - July 1968).
- Major General Melvin Zais (July 1968 - May 1969).
- Major-General John Mr. Wright (May 1969 - May 1970).
- Major-General John J. Hennessey (May 1970 - February 1971).
- Major General Thomas M. Tarpley (February 1971 - April 1972).
- Major-General John H. Cushman (April 1972 - August 1973).
4 ° post-Vietnam period (1973-1991).
In 1968, the 101st Division adopts the new structure and equipment of a "Airmobile Division", with the advent of the helicopter as a weapon on the battlefield. After his return from Vietnam in 1972, it retains one of its brigade (3rd) according to a paratrooper unit. This will subsequently redesignated the 173rd Airborne Brigade. The two other brigades and support units are converted to airmobile units. With the abandonment of the status paratrooper, 101st introduced the new "Airmobile Badge", soon renamed "Air Assault Badge," whose design is inspired by the gliding badge of the infantry of the Second World War.
In September 1980 the 1st Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment, 2nd Brigade conducts Operation Bright Star '80 , deployment of peacekeeping in Egypt. A
Tragedy strikes the 101st Division December 12, 1985. Canadian civil aircraft, the Arrow Air Flight 1285, carrying U.S. troops to participate in the "Multinational Force and Observers" in the Sinai desert, crashed near Gander, Newfoundland. All 8 crew and 248 passengers it carries perished in the disaster. President Ronald Reagan and his wife Nancy traveled to Fort Campbell to comfort the families of victims.
On 8 March 1988, two transport helicopters from the 101st Division collided in flight and crashed, killing its 17 occupants.
Photo below: soldiers of the 101th Division during a year in 1972.
4.1. Commanders of the division (1973-1991).
- Major General Sidney B. Berry (August 1973 - July 1974).
- Major-General John W. McEnery (August 1974 - February 1976).
- Major-General John A. Wickham, Jr. (March 1976 - March 1978).
- Major General John N. Brandenburg (March 1978 - June 1980).
- Major General Jack V. Mackmull (June 1980 - August 1981).
- Major General Charles W. Bagnall (August 1981 - August 1983).
- Major General James E. Thompson (August 1983 - June 1985).
- Major General Burton D. Patrick (June 1985 - May 1987).
- Major-General Teddy G. Allen (May 1987 - August 1989).
- Major-General JH Binford Peay III (August 1989 - June 1991).
5 ° Decade 1991-2000.
In January 1991, the 101st Division [Air Assault] is deployed in Saudi Arabia, to participate in Operation Desert Storm , built in the XVIII Airborne Corps. During the Campaign of One Hundred Hours "alongside the 82nd Airborne Division and French Daguet , and conducts operations to attack and assault helicopter deep into enemy territory.
On this occasion, 8 helicopters AH-64D Apache the 101st Aviation Regiment take the first ground offensive ammunition ally, destroying Iraqi radar sites, two important detection and early warning.
The division then participate in humanitarian missions in Rwanda and Somalia, as well as missions of peacekeeping in Haiti and Bosnia, under United Nations mandate.
In August 2000, the 2nd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment deployed to Kosovo on a mission of peacekeeping under the UN umbrella.
In September and October 2000, the 3rd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment was put to the fight against forest fires in Bitterhood, Montana.
5.1. Commanders of the division (1991-2000).
- Major-General John Miller (June 1991 - July 1993).
- Major-General John M. Keane (July 1993 - Févruer 1996).
- Major-General William F. "Buck" Kernan (February 1996 - February 1998).
- Major Robert T. généram Clark (February 1998 - June 2000).
6 ° Global war against terrorism (2001-Present).
6.1. Operation Enduring Freedom: Afghanistan.
The 101st Airborne Division [Air Assault] is the first conventional unit of the U.S. Army to participate in the Global War the United States against terrorism. The 2nd Infantry Brigade Strike, which is deployed in Kosovo peacekeeping mission of peace, passed under the authority of the U.S. Central Command, with the 5th Special Forces Group based at Fort Campbell.
The 101st Division's 3rd Brigade deployed quickly Rakkasan and the 187th Regiment. This is the first American unit to fight in Afghanistan in October 2001 as part of Operation Enduring Freedom (Enduring Freedom).
Postoperatively Anaconda (1 to March 19, 2002) and heavy fighting against the Taliban in the mountains of the Sho-Khot-eastern Afghanistan, conducted with the 10th Mountain Division, the 3rd Brigade returned to the United States.
Photo below: The Rakkasan the 187th Infantry Regiment are involved in Operation Anaconda , the first major U.S. offensive against the Taliban in March 2002.
In 2008, the 4th Brigade Currahee , including 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 506th Infantry Regiment Band of Brothers , is deployed in Afghanistan for a period of one year. The 101st Combat Aviation Brigade is also present in Afghanistan as Task Force Destiny, on the Bagram airbase. The 159th Aviation Brigade succession, as Task Force Thunder ("Thunderball") in January 2009.
In 2010, Divisional Headquarters, the 101th Brigade Aviation, 1st (327th Regiment), 2nd (502nd Regiment), 3rd (187th Regiment) and 4th (506th Regiment) were deployed combat brigades in Afghanistan. This is the first time since Iraq in 2006 that the four combat brigades are operating at the same theater. In March, the 101st Aviation Brigade, as always TF- Destiny, is deployed to the Kandahar International Airport in the south.
6.2. Operation Iraqi Freedom.
In March 2003, under the command Major-General David H. Petraeus ("Eagle 6") (4), the 101st Airborne Division [Air Assault] participates in the invasion of Iraq. It is subject to U.S. V Corps Victory and provides air support to the 3rd Infantry Division, neutralizing with its Apache helicopters fight points of strength and armored forces of the Republic Guard all along its path .
The 3rd Battalion, 187th Regiment of the 3rd Infantry Brigade is incorporated into the head formation of the V Corps, 3rd Infantry Division, and delivers violent battle in Karbala, Hilla and Najaf. He participates also cleaning and securing Saddam International Airport the outskirts of Baghdad in early April.
The 101st Division shall then be deployed for a period of one year ( Tour of Duty ) in the north, with Mosul as a main operating base. The 1st and 2nd Battalions, 327th Regiment are positioned on the airfield Qayarrah West, 48km south of Mosul. The 502nd Regiment of the 2nd Brigade and the 3rd Battalion, 327th Regiment were responsible for the city itself, while the rest of the 327th Regiment of the 3rd Brigade control Tal Afar, further north.
Photo below: In August 2003, Major-General David Petraeus, commander of the 101st Airborne Division at the time, take a "walkabout" in the streets of Mosul.
The Screaming Eagles were relieved by the 3rd Brigade [Stryker] of the 2nd Infantry Division in early 2004, and returned to the United States to be revamped and replenished. Division suffers when its new "modular transformation," the brigades of infantry and the artillery brigade was reorganized into traditional "combat brigade".
This new configuration of the 101st Airborne Division will consist of seven major units: four brigade combat [Air Assault], two Air Force combat brigades and a brigade support [logistics].
She makes a second trip to Iraq in late summer 2005. The Division Headquarters is the 42nd Rainbow Infantry Division National Guard (ARNG), and conducts security operations as Task Force Band of Brothers . On 1 November, she assumed responsibility for four provinces in northern Iraq: Salah ad Din, As Sulymaniyah, Ninevah and Dahuk. The TF Band of Brothers- is also training new Iraqi security forces and operations of law enforcement in the last two.
During this second deployment, the 2nd and 4th Brigades are assigned to combat security operations in the Task Force Baghdad, led initially by the 3rd Infantry Division, the latter then being relieved by the 4th Infantry Division. The 1st Battalion of the 506th Regiment of the 4th Brigade Combat is detached from the division is served under the command of the Marines in Ramadi, in Al Anbar province. The 3rd Brigade was assigned to sectors of Salah ad Din and Bayji. The 1st Brigade Combat Kirkuk province, an area particularly affected by communal violence at that time.
Below: Soldiers from the 3rd Battalion, 327th Regiment are conducting a raid to try to capture both the son of Saddam Hussein, Uday and Qusay, 31 July 2003.
Simultaneously with the formation and training of Iraqi soldiers, the Screaming Eagles conducting offensive operations against terrorist groups Al Qaeda in Iraq in the six provinces where they are present. Operation Swarm is the largest operation helicopter-borne assault since March 2003. The 1st Brigade Combat leads Operation Scorpion with Iraqi units near Kirkuk, 24 and 25 March 2006.
Many humanitarian operations are also conducted by the "Civil Affairs" divisional, such as rebuilding schools, clinics and hospitals, police stations, roads, etc..
In 2006, during the third deployment of the 101st Division, its four combat brigades serving in the same theater of operations, under the authority of the TF- Baghdad. The 1st Brigade in the province of Salah ad Din north-east of the capital, the 2nd Brigade in the north-west, the 3rd in the south-west, and the 4th Brigade in the Al Daura district and on the banks of the River Tigris near Sadr City.
In December 2007, 143 Screaming Eagles lost their lives in Iraq.
6.3. Commanders of the division (2001-Present).
- Major General Richard A. Cody (June 2000 - July 2002).
- Major-General David H. Petraeus (July 2002 - May 2004).
- Major General Thomas R. Turner II (May 2004 - November 2006).
- Major General Jeffrey J. Schloesser (November 2006 - July 2009).
- Major General John F. Campbell (July 2009 - Present).
(4) In the code of procedures of the American army radio, call sign "Six" refers to a unit commander.
Current organization of the 101st Airborne Division.
1. Identification system for helmets.
During WWII, the Screaming Eagles of the 101st Airborne Division were in the habit of painting a symbol on their helmets identifying inspired a series of decks: Diamonds , Spades, Hearts and Clubs. This identification system is now taken up by the combat brigades.
- Clover (clubs) (♣) 327th Regiment to the [1st Brigade Combat].
- Diamonds (Diamonds) (♦) for five hundred and first Regiment [one hundred and first Combat Aviation Brigade].
- Pique (Spades) (♠) for the 506th Regiment [4th Brigade Combat].
(See the TV series Band of Brothers )
- Heart (Hearts) (♥) 502nd Regiment for the [2nd Brigade Combat].
- Torii Japanese (
) for the 187th Regiment [3rd Brigade Combat]. - Triangle (
) [159th Combat Aviation Brigade]. 2. Order of battle in 2011.
Command Parachute Demonstration
• Team Screaming Eagles .
• Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion Gladiodor (HHB).
- A Company Slayers.
- Company B Black Dragons.
- Company C Spartans.
- Company HQ and support Sentri .
- Divisional Orchestra Pride of the Eagle .
• 1st Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Bastogne (♣).
- Battalion "Special Troops".
- 1st Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment Above the Rest.
- 2nd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment No Slack.
- 2nd Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment Balls of the Eagle (M777 Howitzer ).
- 1st Squadron, 32nd Cavalry Regiment [Reconnaissance, Surveillance, Target Acquisition (RSTA)] Victory or Death .
- the 426th Support Battalion [Logistics] Brigade.
• 2nd Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Strike (♥).
- Battalion "Special Troops" One Strike, One Team .
- 1st Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment First Strike.
- 2nd Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment Strike Force.
- 1st Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment Top Guns (M777 Howitzer ).
- 1st Squadron, 75th Cavalry Regiment (RSTA) Widowmakers .
- the 526th Support Battalion [Logistics] Brigade.
• 3rd Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Rakkasan (
). - Battalion "Special Troops" Rak Solid .
- 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment Leader Rakkasan .
- 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment Iron Rakkasan .
- 3rd Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment Red Knight (M777 Howitzer ).
- 1st Squadron, 33rd Cavalry Regiment (RSTA) Rakkasan War.
- the 626th Support Battalion [Logistics] Brigadier Assurgam .
Below: Soldiers from Battery B, 3rd Battalion, 320th Regiment artillery in Iraq, September 8, 2006. Photo inspired poster of the famous television series Band of Brothers .
• 4th Brigade Combat [Air Assault] Currahee (♠).
- Battalion "Special Troops" Apache.
- 1st Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment Red Currahee .
- 2nd Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment White Currahee .
- 1st Squadron, 61st Cavalry Regiment (RSTA) Panther.
- 4th Battalion, 320th Field Artillery Regiment Guns of Glory (M777 Howitzer ).
- eight hundred and first Support Battalion [Logistics] Brigadier Maintaineers .
• Combat Aviation Brigade, one hundred and first [Helicopters] Wings of Destiny (♦).
- Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC) Hell Cats.
- 2nd Squadron, 17th Cavalry Regiment (RSTA) Out Front (OH-58D Kiowa ).
- 1st Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [attack] Expect No Mercy (24 AH-64D Apache Longbow ).
- 2nd Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [attack] Eagle Warrior (24 AH-64D Apache Longbow ).
- 5th Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [Air Assault] Eagle Assault (UH-60A / L Black Hawk ).
- 6th Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [General Support Aviation (GSAB)] Shadow of the Eagle (UH-60A / L Black Hawk ).
- 96th Support Battalion [Logistics] Aviation Troubleshooters.
Below: 1 OH-58D Kiowa here equipped with AGM-114 Hellfire basket and a Hydra-70 rockets , Iraq, Oct. 22, 2004. 2 ° AH-64D Apache Longbow of the 101st Airborne Division, Iraq, Dec. 5, 2005.
• 159th Combat Aviation Brigade [Helicopters] Eagle Thunder (
). - Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC).
- 7th Squadron, 17th Cavalry Regiment [Reconnaissance, Surveillance, Target Acquisition (RSTA)] Pale Horse (OH-58D Kiowa ).
- 3rd Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [Attack] Attack Eagle (24 AH-64D Apache Longbow ).
- 4th Battalion, 101st Regiment Aviation [Air Assault] Wings of the Eagle ( UH-60L / M Black Hawk ).
- 7th Battalion, 101st Aviation Regiment [General Support Aviation (GSAB)] Eagle Lift (CH-47D / F Chinook ).
- 563rd Support Battalion [Logistics] Aviation Keep Them Fighting .
• one hundred and first Brigade Support [Logistics] Life Liners .
- one hundred and first Battalion of the brigade troops Trojans.
- the 129th Support Battalion Combat Logistics Sustainment Drive the Wedge.
- 106th Transportation Battalion.
- 326th Battalion Engineer (assigned to the 20th Engineer Brigade from Fort Bragg).
- 716th Military Police Battalion (assigned to the 16th Brigade from Fort Bragg PM).
Sources available: 1
101st Airborne Division (en.wikipedia.org).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/101st_Airborne_Division
2 ° 101st Airborne Division [Air Assault] (globalsecurity.org).
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/101abn.htm
3 101st Airborne Division (facebook.com).
http://www.facebook.com/ # / 101st
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